Traffic-related air pollutants, such as automobile exhaust, have been shown to increase the risk of childhood cancer. illustration | NEWS IMAGEResearch has shown that continuous exposure to traffic-related air pollutants, including automobile exhaust, may increase the risk of childhood cancer. It was found that as the concentration of ultrafine dust and benzene increases, the risk of leukemia in particular increases. The National Cancer Center has a cancer prevention division by Kim Byeong-mi.